In Brief
POLITICS
Imran Khan agrees to participate in multi-party conference
On 22 March, Dawn reported that the civil society was able to convince Imran Khan to sit for a multi-party conference to discuss the election date and the procession of polls. The civil society delegated themselves as mediators and not part of any party of government. PTI leader Fawadh Chaudhry stated that it was an intense debate where Imran Khan was first relentless but agreed to it if his demands for confidence-building measures were addressed. The delegates pointed out that if political players refused to talk and the military refused to intervene then things would not move forward. (Ahmad Fraz Khan, “PTI chief ‘agrees’ to multi-party moot,” Dawn, 22 March 2023)

Imran Khan gets protective bail while his wife was absent from her trial
On 21 March, Lahore High Court granted Imran Khan protective bail for four cases where two were related to terrorism and two under National Accountability Bureau. Imran Khan reached the court in a “decoy vehicle” an hour before the proceeding. Furthermore, he stated that a large number of cases prevented him from electioneering. He also attended a contempt petition against Punjab police for vandalising his house. While Imran Khan was granted protective bail his wife was not who was absent from the trial on 21 March. Bushra Bibi is accused of misusing authority and criminal breach of trust owing to the illegal selling of gifts from Toshakhana. (Numan Wahab, “LHC gives protective bail to Imran in four cases,” The News International, 22 March 2023; “Imran, spouse fail to join Toshakhana investigation,” Dawn, 22 March)

SECURITY
Five were killed in South Waziristan and D.I. Khan
On 21 March, attacks in South Waziristan and Dera Ismail Khan led to the killing of four personnel and one brigadier, reports Inter-Servics Intelligence. Police sources stated that they were travelling from Angoor Ada to Wana when they were ambushed with attacks. The army has been determined to eliminate terrorist outfits in the region that have led to the loss of several lives. The security forces killed 142 militants in the span of three months and detained 1,007 militants while they held 6,921 operations to arrest the terrorist groups. (Muhammad Irfan Mughal, Dilawar Wazir, “Brigadier among five security men martyred in two attacks ” Dawn, 22 March 2023)

NATURAL CALAMITY
Earthquake of 6.8 magnitude hits Pakistan
On 21 March, an earthquake of 6.8 magnitudes hit Islamabad, Peshawar, Lahore, Gilgit Baltistan and other regions. The current reports estimated that two girls were killed and 150 were found injured aftermath of the earthquake. The earthquake also jolted different parts of Punjab and landslides were observed in the Gilgit-Baltistan region which damaged cattle farms resulting in the death of several livestock. (Aamir Yasin, Manzoor Ali, Imran Gabol, “Powerful quake rattles parts of KP, Afghanistan,” Dawn, 22 March 2023)

ECONOMY
IMF seeks details of operations and targeting of PKR 100 petroleum relief package
On 22 March, Dawn quoting a foreign media reported that IMF was seeking details of latest relief/subsidy package announced by the Pakistan authorities. The IMF’s resident representative said: “Fund staff are seeking greater details on the scheme in terms of its operation, cost, targeting, protections against fraud and abuse, and offsetting measures, and will carefully discuss these elements with the authorities. Ensuring there is sufficient financing to support the authorities in the implementation of their policy agenda is the paramount priority.” Meanwhile The News International reported that Pakistan witnessed a substantial decline of over 39 per cent in materializing foreign loans from multilateral and bilateral creditors on a year-on-year basis. Pakistan needs to repay about USD 3 billion of debt by June, while USD 4 billion is expected to be rolled over. (“Fuel subsidy plan ‘not cleared with IMF’,” Dawn, 22 March 2023; Mehtab Haider, “IMF gives more tasks to unlock loan,” Dawn, 22 March 2023)

ECC sanctions PKR 27 billion to avoid default on credit facilities with Kuwait
On 21 March, Economic Coordination Committee (ECC) of the cabinet approved a supplementary grant of PKR 27 billion to avert a looming default on account of diesel purchase payments to Kuwait. The petroleum division had submitted a handout read to finance ministry over the pending payments. The ECC had denied clearing the sanctions earlier due to commitments given to IMF to either slash expenditures equal to a supplementary grant or levy additional taxes of the same amount. The ECC also sanctioned another PKR 2.9 billion to partly offset the wheat shortage in the Gilgit-Baltistan region. (Shahbaz Rana, “Pakistan averts default on payments to Kuwait,” The Express Tribune, 22 March 2023)

JUDICIARY
Fourth compliant received by SJC against a sitting SC judge
On 22 March, Dawn reported on the complaint filed the Supreme Judicial Council (SJC) requiring a thorough inquiry against Justice Sayyed Mazahar Ali Naqvi. The application stated that SC judge was allegedly guilty of misconduct within the meaning of Article 209(5)(b) of the constitution and his conduct was in disregard of Articles III, VI, and VIII of the Code of Conduct for Judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts issued under Article 209(8), read with SJC enquiry procedures. Justice Ali has been blamed to have favored Chaudhary Parvez Elahi in influencing outcome of the case assigned to him. (Nasir Iqbal, “Fourth complaint against judge lands before SJC,” Dawn, 22 March 2023)

“There are indications that Pakistan's parliament, which is controlled by the governing coalition, might well ask the Supreme Court to disqualify Imran Khan from running for election and even prohibit PTI in the next few days.” -Zalmay Khalilzad  “Today, the case of their workers imprisoned by this government of criminals will be raised not only in the courts but also in front of international human rights organizations. The leaders of Tehreek-e-Insaf around the world should inform their elected local representatives and politicians about this ongoing fascism in Pakistan.” -Imran Khan “Strongly condemn the custodial torture that is being done on our workers & ldrs including Amjad Niazi, & now, from what I have learnt, on Hassaan Niazi who was first abducted, immed after he got bail, &  then named falsely in another FIR.  Shameful fascism & law of the jungle.” -Imran Khan

“The clock is ticking but our power elite appear to be least troubled by the gathering storm.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘The clock is ticking’

In Brief
ECONOMY
Financial conditionalities are stretching the IMF discussions, the nuclear programme has nothing to do with it: Dar
On 20 March, a press release was issued by the Ministry of Finance which had statements and clarification from Finance Minister Ishaq Dar. The release in the name of Dar said: “My comments with regards to Pakistan’s nuclear programme were in response to a colleague se­n­ator’s specific question, wherein, I emphasised that Pakistan has the sovereign right to develop its nuclear programme, as it best suits our national interests. without any external dictation, which, by no means should in any way whatsoever be linked with the ongoing negotiations with the IMF.” IMF sources have also affirmed the stand of the finance minister explaining that the Fund’s mandate did not allow for such discussions. On 20 March, the PMO also released a statement which said: “It is emphasised that Pakistan’s nuclear and missile programme is a national asset, which is jealously guarded by the state. The complete programme is totally secure, foolproof and under no stress or pressure whatsoever.” (“Dar ‘clarifies’ remarks after IMF denies linking deal with nukes,” Dawn, 21 March 2023)
 
EXTERNAL
Human rights remain a concern in Pakistan: US Department of State report
On 20 March, the US Department of State released its annual country report on Pakistan, the country’s human rights situation remains a cause of concern. According to the State Department during 2022, its monitors received credible reports of unlawful or arbitrary killings, including extrajudicial killings by the government or its agents; forced disappearances by the government or its agents; torture and cases of cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment or punishment by the government or its agents. Pakistan also imposes serious restrictions on free expression and media, including violence against journalists, unjustified arrests and disappearances of journalists, censorship, and criminal defamation laws. According to the report, the informal sector accounted for 72.5 per cent of employment in main jobs outside agriculture, more in rural areas (76.2 per cent) than urban areas (68.5 per cent). (Anwar Iqbal, “Pakistan remains ‘country of concern’, says US HR report,” Dawn, 21 March 2023)
 
Pakistan delivers 550 tons of relief to Turkiye and Syria
On 20 March, PNS Nasr reached the Turkish port city of Mersin and deployed on the international Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) mission to help the earthquake hit Syria and Turkiye. A second shipment of relief goods is scheduled to reach Mersin onboard PNS Moawin on 23 March. Navy’s health teams es­­tablished a medical camp and provided support to a local dispensary. Children from schools visited PNS Nasr and interacted with officers and men. The Sy­­rian government and local people appreciated the support provided by the government of Pakistan. (“Pakistan Navy ship delivers relief goods to quake-hit Syria, Turkiye,” Dawn, 21 March 2023)

“PTI's disgusting smear campaign against Chief of the Army Staff General Asim Munir at the behest of Imran Niazi is deserving of the strongest condemnation.” -Shehbaz Sharif   “I will soon reveal how I was lured into a trap of murder in the judicial complex and how the Almighty saved me from it.” -Imran Khan   “Imran Khan is using security tactics to avoid court appearances and charges. Are their lives at risk only in the court premises? Are their lives not in danger in rallies and meetings? Imran Khan kept asking for immunity from the court and accountability using the excuse of security concerns.” -SenatorSherryRehman

“The PML-N and PPP seem to think acquiring a social media team in itself is the goal.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘Finding a sales pitch’

In Brief

POLITICS
Political leaders instigating the civil war-like situation, says The News International
On 16 March, an editorial in The News International said that the Zaman Park incidents can be either described as a battle zone of state brutality or a political leader hiding behind his workers and influencing civil war-like conditions. It is notable to admit that the PTI narrative is holding out far better than the governments. PTI supporters have guaranteed that Imran Khan will appear in court on 18 March if the warrant is suspended, but there is no guarantee, as he previously has failed to act on similar promises. What's unfortunate is the refusal of a political head in following a basic court order. The international media also missed the point of seeing the issue as the state curbing protests and not mentioning the ignorance of the court-mandated arrest order. While Imran Khan is afraid of being indicted for the Toshakhana case, regardless, this is no way for any government or political party to resolve contention. (“Chaos in Lahore,” The News International, 16 March 2023)

Disappointing behaviour by state leaders
On 16 March, an editorial in Dawn said that despite clashes between police and PTI supporters, law enforcement has been unable to detain PTI chairman Imran Khan. Imran Khan stated that his arrest was a product of assassination attempts and that he is ready to go to court but is determined not to surrender. PTI supporters have been giving tough competition to Police officers and the only positive note here is the loss of zero lives amid confrontation. His concern over lack of security is legitimate and should be handled by the state and should not be used as an excuse for his absence in court. What is also disappointing is that it is observed PML-N supports the crackdown on Imran Khan and uses it as an agenda ahead of the elections. (“Terrible optics,” Dawn, 16 March 2023)

Shehbaz Sharif offers Imran Khan a dialogue between all political forces
On 15 March, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif offered Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf (PTI) Chairman Imran Khan a political dialogue to get Pakistan away from crisis. He expressed his disappointment on how he has always invited PTI for political sittings which were ignored. Moreover, he regressed that PTI didn't attend the APEC committee meeting in the wake of the suicide attack in the mosque. He accused Imran Khan of “naked defiance” of a court order saying: “For the first time in Pakistan, a so-called political person is considering himself above the law … non-appearance in courts is tantamount to violation of the law.” (Syed Irfan Raza, “Amid unrest, Shehbaz offers to parley with Imran,” Dawn, 16 March 2023)

ECONOMY
China might cushion Pakistan with an additional USD 500 million
On 15 March, The News International quoted an unnamed government official who affirmed on the possibility of a refinancing of USD 500 million which will bring the total commercial loans up to USD 1.7 billion out of the total committed amount of USD two billion by China. Chinese banks have already provided re-financing of USD 1.2 billion in commercial loans in the past few weeks. China is also considering granting rollover on the Chinese SAFE deposit of USD two billion within the ongoing month. The article by Mehtab Haider also disclosed that on 13 March, IMF launched “Inclusive growth in the MENA region” at the National University of Sciences and Technology. (Mehtab Haider, “Chinese bank may refinance $500m loan,” The News International, 16 March 2023)

Political and economic turmoil will likely push Pakistan into recession: Bloomberg Survey
On 15 March, The News International reported a survey conducted by Bloomberg which said the probability of the economy slipping into recession stands at 70 per cent. Bloomberg Economics sees the economy contracting 2.2 per cent in the financial year ending June, compared with a six per cent expansion in the previous year. (“Pakistan’s recession risk looms large amid IMF loan talks,” The News International, 16 March 2023)

ELECTIONS
ECP is not supportive of the notified election dates in KP and Punjab
On 16 March, The News International quoting some sources reported that the Election Commission of Pakistan has not found even a single federal or provincial entity ready for the polls because of multiple reasons, including the law-and-order situations, and financial and administrative problems. Both the judiciary and military are also not ready to do what the ECP expects from them. The commission after getting the final decision from the KP cabinet will review the entire situation and may approach the apex court with its report on the possibility of elections as per the announced dates. (Ansar Abbasi, “Punjab, KP polls ‘not possible’ on given dates,” The News International, 16 March 2023)

JUDICIARY
Judiciary has to uphold the constitution at all cost
On 15 March, Justice Qazi Faez Isa while hearing a case on Pakistan Medical and Dental Council questioned the need for the constitution of special benches as it can give rise to misgivings among people. He took exception to the recent PEMRA directive which asked TV channels to refrain from criticizing state institutions and judges, adding that it reduces the judiciary’s status from the constitutional body to the state institution. (Nasir Iqbal, “Justice Isa questions need for constitution of special benches,” Dawn, 16 March 2023)

“Sindhi racists now bring their language and narrative to Punjab. The racist filth of local non-local is now being brought into the political debates of Punjab.” -AWGoaraya   “There was no water cannon in Lal Masjid. Army and terrorists were firing. It was not army uniform. Liars and tricksters.Now, fearing the case of rebellion and terrorism from the state, you are old fashioned. Journalists were present at Zaman Park yesterday- we witnessed with our own eyes.” -GulBukhari   “Two girls, aged around seven to eight years, have been handed over to a tribe as affine after a couple decided to get married without their family’s permission in Jacobabad’s thull.” - Mubashir Zaidi

“Pemra has no right to impose blanket bans.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘Curb on expression’

In Brief
POLITICS 
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Governor announces elections to be held on 28 May
On 14 March, the Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Haji Ghulam Ali, announced the general election of the provincial assembly will be conducted on 28 May without informing ECP.  The poll date comes four months after the dissolution of the assembly. The governor expressed his concerns over the security situation and threat of terrorist attacks. The defence ministry informed the ECP that the army is not available for election duty owing to the country’s present situation and their border responsibilities. The defence ministry also stated that the army is facing economic crunches and that they can only aid a quick response force instead of a static support throughout the elections. Considering the political turmoil along with the economic crisis, conducting elections is getting harder. (Iftikhar A. Khan, “Governor fixes May 28 for KP assembly polls,” Dawn, 15 March 2023; “Election question,” The News International, 15 March 2023)
 
ECONOMY
PM is confident of agreement with IMF in a few days
On 14 March, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif discussed various issues with a private news channel. He updated the country on the status of the talks with the IMF, to restore the bailout package. Shehbaz Sharif disclosed that at the time of assuming office, he was unaware of the conditions that his predecessor, former prime minister and Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) Chairman Imran Khan, had agreed with the IMF. Commenting on the ongoing police attempts to arrest Imran, the prime minister said that the PTI chairman had avoided the arrest for illness or injuries. Despite using foul language against the national institutions, he was given relief every time. The prime minister said a fresh census was being held to address the reservations of some political parties, particularly in Sindh, and billions of rupees were being spent on the exercise. Calling Arshad Sharif’s murder a “brutal murder”, Prime Minister Shehbaz said that the government was making all-out efforts and would not sit idle until the bereaved family got justice. (“IMF deal within a few days, says PM,” The Express Tribune, 15 March 2023)
 
US envoy reaffirms confidence in attaining final agreement between IMF and Pakistan
On 12 March, the US ambassador to Pakistan said: “The United States is ready to cooperate with Pakistan to help on the issue.” He reminded that the United States wished for a deal between Pakistan and the IMF and was ready to cooperate with Pakistan to help on the issue. He expressed Washington’s willingness to help Pakistan with the ongoing challenge of terrorism. (Muhammed Saleh Zaafir, “US envoy hopeful about IMF package in a couple of days,” The News International, 15 March 2023)
 
SOCIETY
Deprived lives and material realities of women
On 15 March, an editorial by Dr Rafiq Chandio in The News International elaborated on the limited choices available for women and how that deprives fundamental freedom for women. The unwillingness to allocate resources for women is a multistage process which includes resources for education, health and security. The agency of women is further reduced if women live in rural areas without the proper educational and technical skills. The International Labour Organization (ILO) estimates that 67 million people are employed in domestic work worldwide. Out of every five domestic workers, four are women. Regional data indicates variability in progress. The North American region may fill the gender gap in 59 years, the earliest among all regions, followed by Europe in 60, and Latin America and the Caribbean in 67 years. Interestingly, Africa is expected to fill the gender gap in 98 years. The worst performing regions are the Middle East and the North African (MENA) region requiring 115 years, the Central Asian region 152 years, East Asia and the Pacific region 168 years, and the South Asian region requiring a staggering 197 years. (Dr Rafiq Chandio, “Our gender gap,” The News International, 15 March 2023)

“After our workers & leadership faced police onslaught since yesterday morning of tear gas, cannons with chemical water, rubber bullets & live bullets this morning; we now have Rangers taking over & are now in direct confrontation with the people” -Imran Khan “When the police reached the Bail Park to execute the court order, the force of the Tehreek Antarah came out. They strongly condemned the interference in the legal proceedings and stone pelting on the police. The Tiger Force was sent forward to protect Mafaror Khan from the police. What kind of lawlessness are they laying the foundation for in the country?” -Senator Sherry Rehman “Rana Sanaullah and Mohsin Naqvi are playing Bloody Holi in Zaman Park. Imran Khan is not only the leader of Pakistan but the Muslims of the whole world. The PML-G and the caretaker government have gone mad with the fear of elections in Punjab” -Ch Parvez Elahi

“The Afghans have been badly served by their rulers.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘What went wrong?’

POLITICS
Imran Khan kicks off election campaign in Lahore
On 13 March, Imran Khan during a road show pleaded all Pakistanis to join him in his war against the corrupt and the looters for the sake of Pakistanis and their future generations. The former prime minister also announced a public meeting at the Minar-e-Pakistan. He called for speedy dispensation of foreign funding cases against PPP and PML-N. (Mansoor Malik, “Imran announces power show at Minar-i-Pakistan,” Dawn, 14 March 2023)
 
Altaf Hussain looses claim to seven properties held on the MQM's trust
On 13 March, a high court in United Kingdom held hearing in the case on determining the distinction between MQM and MQM-P and constitutional claims over the control of properties in the country. The judge ruled that public apology by Altaf Hussain on 23 August 2016, where he claimed that he would step away from any active involvement with the MQM, made the party operable without him and hence, he does not have a claim on the properties in UK. The case against MQM founder was initiated by Federal Minister for IT and Telecommunications Syed Aminul Haque in 2020. (Atika Rehman, “Altaf left ‘homeless’ after party’s victory,” Dawn, 14 March 2023)
 
PUNJAB-KP ELECTION UPDATE
ECP to meet governor on sealing election date for KP
On 14 March, Dawn reported on the three crucial meetings Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) for the day. First, consultation with KP Governor on the date of elections to the provincial assembly. Second, to review arrangements for polls in Punjab scheduled for April 30. The meeting will be attended by the Punjab caretaker chief minister, the chief secretary and the police chief. Third, a meeting on a final decision whether the armed forces will be available for election duties or not. On 13 March, according to the ECP’s media wing, the commission considered the petition filed by PTI on imposing Section 144 in Lahore. (Iftikhar A Khan, “ECP looks to ‘seal the deal’ on KP poll date today,” Dawn, 14 March 2023)

ECONOMY
WB committed for long term to support Pakistan in renewables and transition
On 14 March, World Bank (WB) Vice President for the South Asia Region Martin Raiser reaffirmed the bank’s commitment with Pakistan to advance cooperation in the development and climate response sectors. Pakistan's Ambassador to the United States Masood Khan thanked the international financial institution for releasing around USD 1.2 billion for various ongoing projects in Pakistan. He requested the bank for additional finance and assistance for health-related projects, especially to address the issue of water-borne diseases in areas impacted by the flood. He also solicited the World Bank’s support in transitioning adaptation and mitigation to building resilience. (“World Bank assures Pakistan of assistance for long-term development,” The News International, 14 March 2023)
 
IMF talks inconclusive over refinance guarantees and abolish subsidies to power sector, reports The News International
On 13 March, IMF held a final meeting with the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) and conveyed need for surety on external financing needs up to USD six to seven billion from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Qatar and multilateral creditors to fill the gap till the end of June 2023. Along with this, the IMF asked Pakistan to abolish the power sector subsidies on a permanent basis. The news article by Mehtab Haider discussed IMF’s importance on sustainability and relevance of programs to remain credible. This has left Pakistan with no option but to use diplomatic channels to finalize staff level agreement. On 14 March, an article by Shahbaz Rana, discussed about Prime Ministers’ intent on providing PKR 150 billion petrol subsidy to motorcyclists. The authorities had managed to reduce the external financing requirement benchmark from USD seven billion to USD six billion by June 2023. While addressing a news conference last week, finance minister said: “The reduction has been achieved by marginally reducing the projection of the current account deficit and lowering the foreign exchange building requirements.” Pakistan has claimed that it has so far recieved USD two billion assurance from Saudi Arabia and USD one billion from the United Arab Emirates (UAE), leaving it with a gap of USD three billion. SBP had agreed to link the rate with the headline inflation. The headline inflation in February hit a 50-year high by reaching 31.5 per cent. The challenge now is in the form of subsidy for motorcyclists which will likely further stretch the time to obtain a staff level agreement with IMF. (Shahbaz Rana, “Government plods towards IMF deal,” The Express Tribune, 14 March 2023; Mehtab Haider, “Pakistan approaches US diplomats as IMF seeks more assurances,” The News International, 14 March 2023)
 
SECURITY
Two policemen martyred in attacks on census teams in KP
On 13 March, two policemen were killed and four others sustained injuries in militant attacks on census teams in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa’s southern districts of Tank and Lakki Marwat. A suspected TTP militant was shot dead during security forces operation in Dera Ismail Khan district. (Irfan Mughal and Ghulam Mursalin Marwat, “Two policemen martyred in attacks on census teams in KP,” Dawn, 14 March 2023)

"Terrible incident of Peshawar Police Line terrorism was forgotten, discussion on terrorism was taken to Apex Committee instead of APC so that there could not be an open discussion, three attacks/clashes took place in southern districts of Pakhtunkhwa yesterday but the government is silent, Pakhtuns are called wolves. has been thrown forward." -a_siab "Fascism is touching new limits of repression and the House of Power is shaking with the political power of PTI and its public support. Apart from not allowing political activities or obstructing our rally, gangs of criminals keep making false cases against us to keep us busy in the courts." -ImranKhanPTI "Happy Punjabi Culture Day to the people of Punjab, the land of lush green fields. The beauty of the rainbow of the federation of Pakistan is incomplete without the desert of Cholistan, the land of saints Multan, the wrestlers of Gujranwala, the talented people of Faisalabad, the brave men of Potohar and the living heart of Lahore." -CMShehbaz

"Politics and economics are two sides of the same coin so far as the people are concerned, as they suffer the most in this game." An opinion in The News International, Economics over politics

In Brief
POLITICS
Imran Khan: PTI has set three plans if the party leaders are arrested
On 12 March, PTI Chairman Imran Khan announced that they had three plans set in case he and his party leaders were arrested by the government, whereas he avoided mentioning the details of the plans and who would take over in such a situation. He accused the government of targeting him to be arrested as they could not defeat him in elections. Imran Khan postponed his election campaign rally in Lahore after the imposition of section 144, which bans public gatherings stating that he “got scared after seeing the turnover of the PTI supporters and was afraid that there might be bloodshed if everybody came out.” He deemed this move by the court as unfair as PMLN leader Maryam was allowed to hold rallies and not PTI. (“Imran avoids naming who will lead party if he is arrested,” The News International, 13 March 2023)
 
Toshakhana records disclosed by the federal government
On 12 March, Pakistan’s Federal government disclosed Toshakhana's gift record from 2002 to 2023. It is a 446-page document mentioning gifts received by the heads of the state's Presidents and Prime Ministers. Asif Zardari reportedly took the most gifts from Toshakhana aggregating 181. Nawaz Sharif retained 55 gifts during his tenure, and Shahid Khaqan Abbasi recorded and took all the gifts he received valued at millions of rupees. General Pervaiz Musharraf took a total of 126 gifts by paying 15 per cent of the assessed value and while Imran Khan has been estimated to have taken 112 gifts he received including the infamous watches. The records show that only Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif was the only official to have not retained expensive gifts from the Toshakhana. (Kasim Abbasi, “From Musharraf to Shehbaz: Toshakhana gifts record declassified,” The News International, 13 March 2023)
 
GENDER
Financial empowerment of women during inflationary times: A proposal from the Aurat March
On 13 March, reports The News International on the Aurat March’s proposal for the financial empowerment of women, especially in the trying times of inflation. This year, the Aurat March called for cutting off public expenditure on both civilian and military fronts and directing the amount to rehabilitate flood-hit families. The critics questioned what inflation has to do with women's empowerment. The organisers replied by stating, aren’t women part of the society affected by inflation? The March demanded the halting of lavish spending on golf clubs and bureaucratic extravagance. Women contribute 22 per cent of the economy and 49 per cent of women make up the population. The number has an abysmal representation that needs to be tackled. (Oonib Azam, “Aurat March calls for financial empowerment of women in times of inflation, ” The News International, 13 March 2023)
 
ECONOMY
Alternatives to IMF
On 13 March, an editorial in The News International explained alternative discourse to that of IMF, developmentalism over Neoliberalism. The first is a market-friendly approach developed by the state, while the latter tends to roll back the state’s interventionist tendencies. The article discussed how economic growth is non-directional with IMF’s effectiveness. IMF’s portfolio has recently increased to up to USD 113 billion. At best, IMF-led reforms lead to stabilization and a one-time boost to economic growth. (Shahrukh Rafi Khan, “The IMF is not fit for purpose,” The News International, 13 March 2023)

Slight relief in remittances
On 13 March, an editorial in Dawn discussed the recent surge witnessed in remittances, the State Bank of Pakistan’s February data showed that remittances have surged by 5pc after hitting a 32-month low in January. The unannounced cap and import restrictions have been attributed to be the main reason for the emergence of a black market for smuggling dollars. The removal of controls on the exchange rate last month under IMF pressure is helping boost remittances through legal channels. (“Rise in remittances,” Dawn, 13 March 2023)

Taxing issues in Pakistan
On 13 March, an analysis in The Express Tribune detailed the recurrent themes which have been sustained in staff-level agreements with IMF, first, increasing tax revenues and second, fairer distribution of subsidies. The ratio of tax to GDP ratio in Pakistan is half compared to economies of similar size and level of development. The article reminded the reader that despite a reasonably good tax base of property, agricultural and services sales tax, a policy failure pushes one to look at an alternative paradigm. A failure on the side of the institutions to not being able to create a perception in the mind of taxpayers about the high probability of being caught, if non-reporting or under-reporting one’s income. Information and Communication Technology has the potential to leapfrog Pakistan in making its tax collection further efficient. (Dr. Hameed Ateeq Sarwar, “To tax or not to tax,” The Express Tribune, 13 March 2023)

“Pakistan being culturally rich & pluralistic, has huge potential to develop an operational cultural industry which is not just self-sustaining, & revenue-generating but also inclusive & representative. #EconFest” -PIDEpk   “I literally had flashbacks. Have heard every one of these calls...& worse, every day of my life growing up in Pakistan. It actually started even before I reached puberty. That's how sick the harassment is. But talk to a man, and they'll tell you women are the safest in Pakistan.” -Sabaeitizaz   “Everyone bought cheap things from Tosha Khana, but the shame of buying cheap and selling expensive things has come to the share of Sadiq and Amin.” -OmarIffat

“ Why were we unable to use the period of debt relief to get on a sustainable debt-servicing trajectory?” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘Learning from our last default ’

In Brief
POLITICS
Punjab and KP: Elections affected by logistic requirements 
On 10 March, Dawn reported that the general election in Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa are facing logistical issues. Meanwhile, the finance division met with the chief of ECP expressing the lack of funds and the shortage of police and army officers. It is estimated that PKR 20 billion is required to conduct the polls whereas only PKR five billion provided. The ECP pointed out that conducting general elections is their constitutional obligation as a government machinery and informed the interior minister to reach out to the army to make arrangements for 297,000 and 56,000 security personnel required in Punjab and KP respectively. (Iftikhar A. Khan, “Election prep plagued by funding, personnel shortage,” Dawn, 10 March 2023)

LHC dismisses Imran Khan's request for a video proceeding 
On 9 March, Lahore High Court dismissed PTI Chairman Imran Khans' request for an online proceeding. Imran Khan’s counsel stated that the petitioner is facing threat to his life and urged the court to provide for security provisions. His counsel also stated the trauma from the Wazirabad attack still remains and that he is still recovering from the injury. (“LHC refuses Imran’s request for online proceedings,” Dawn, 10 March 2023)

Ties with the army the same though the command has changed, says Imran Khan
On 8 March, nearly 400 PTI workers attacked police and were charged by the Lahore police. Additionally, in Quetta, non-bailable warrants were issued against PTI chairman Imran Khan for hate speech against the state. Imran Khan mentioned that his ties with the army had seen no change after the change in the army command. He reiterated his reason for meeting with the army chief  “to discuss with any political force or the establishment except the free and fair elections to drive the country out of current political and economic crises.” (MansoorMalik, “Ties with army no different under new brass: Imran,” Dawn, 10 March 2023)

Toshakhana record to be published 
On 10 March, Dawn reported that the federal cabinet approved the publication of Toshakhana's “secretive” gift record received from foreign nationals and dignitaries. This came after Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif proposed his plan to make the entire Toshakhana record public and banned any officials from keeping gifts worth more than USD 300. The cabinet also approved the National Accountability Ordinance (NAO) where they would be provided with legal cover where the detainees would be tried in court. (Syed Irfan Raza, “Publication of Toshakhana record gets cabinet nod,” Dawn, 10 March 2023)

PROVINCES
Balochistan: Seminar held on ‘Reconciliation in Balochistan’
On 9 March, a seminar was held on ‘Reconciliation in Balochistan: Addressing the Grievances of Baloch’s’ organised by the University of Gwadar. The meeting was attended by keynote panellists who expressed the role of universities to bring change in the region as they are the source of knowledge. The purpose of the seminar was to enrich students and promote awareness and development. Balochistan National Party leader Kahuda Ali said, “such conferences in campuses provide awareness and growth for students. Institutions should come forward for a reconciliation process with the Baloch people.” (“Dialogue for Baloch reconciliation urged,” The Express Tribune, 10 March 2023)

Sindh: Security measures to be increased during Qalandar’s Urs
On 10 March, The Express Tribune reported that security in Karachi would be heightened for the 77Ist Urs of the Sufi saint Lal Shahbaz Qalandar. This comes after the 2017 suicide attack that killed 90 victims and left hundreds injured. The security measures would include increased surveillance and metal detectors around the shrine. Additionally, no parking would be available near the shrine or along the highway that leads to the shrine with a bomb disposal squad available to monitor activities. (“Security beefed up for Qalandar’s Urs,” The Express Tribune, 10 March 2023)

ECONOMY
Cement companies post double digit growth despite government on the verge of default
On 10 March, The Express Tribune reported on the quarterly performance of the cement industry which grew at a rate of 14 per cent on a quarter-on-quarter basis. The industry sales recorded at PKR 167.8 billion was mainly due to alternatives to coal in other sectors and declining coal prices. Average gross margins increased by 110 basis points and profit margins shrink by 70 basis points. In the first half of FY23, about 9.7 million tons of capacity was added by the industry. (“Cement sector’s profit grows in double digits,” The Express Tribune, 10 March 2023)

Pakistan assembled motorcycles draining into Afghanistan, shortage witnessed in Karachi
On 10 March, Dawn reported on the trade movement of two-wheeler motorcycles between Afghanistan and Pakistan. Around 3,000 motorcycles have been imported by traders into Afghanistan and it has jacked up prices of Honda CG-125 and CD-70 across Pakistan. Market sources said some unauthorised dealers had already lifted CG-125 motorcycles in large numbers from the authorised dealers under some kind of understanding to jointly make a windfall. (Aamir Shafaat Khan and Saleem Shahid, “Pakistani bikes rev up their way to Afghan market,” Dawn, 10 March 2023)

EXTERNAL
Pakistan-India to determine their own modalities of engagement: US State Department
On 10 March, during a press briefing the US State Department Spokesperson, Ned Price explained that the US supports diplomacy between Pakistan and India to resolve longstanding disputes and that it is not for Washington to determine the modalities or the way in which both neighbours engage. He said, “what we support is constructive dialogue, meaningful diplomacy between India and Pakistan in the first instance to resolve longstanding conflicts." (“Not for US to determine modalities in which India, Pakistan engage: State Dept,” Dawn, 10 March 2023)

“Heartiest felicitations to H. E. President Xi Jinping on his re-election as President of China. This is a reflection of the trust reposed by CPC and 1.4 billion Chinese people in his statesmanship. I’m confident that🇨🇳🇵🇰ties will flourish further under his sagacious leadership.” -Shehbaz Sharif   “I have been in Islamabad for two days, where they were filing a petition for Imran Khan's security. This case will be heard today, but the situation is that I have been vandalized in Lahore and the section 144 paper has been cut on me. Guess how? How people have been planted by General Dyer Mohsin Naqvi in Lahore” -Ch Fawad Hussain   “I want to see the day when no political worker is killed in police custody. The death of a PTI worker in custody means our system has failed and we have failed. I can’t imagine his last few minutes. We should be embarrassed.” -Miftah Ismail

“We have had many health ministers with no education or experience in their subject.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘Health workforce jeopardy’

In Brief

POLITICS
PTI election rally in Lahore claims one life, several policemen and party workers injured
On 8 March, several PTI party workers were arrested by the police and the altercation injured several policemen while one party worker was also killed. PTI alleged that the administration wanted to create chaos and use violence as an excuse to postpone upcoming elections in Punjab. Police on the other hand in keeping the overall security situation had issued a notification on 7 March to avoid any public gatherings and rallies. PTI later cancelled the rally and urged the party workers to return to their homes peacefully. (Faizan Bangash and Salman Aslam, “PTI worker killed, 21 injured in clashes with police,” The News International, 9 March 2023)

No consensus on KP elections date
On 8 March, the Election Commission of Pakistan met with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) governor to decide on the final dates for provincial elections in KP. The governor in his letter to ECP said, “The Election Commission of Pakistan is welcome to attend the office of the undersigned on March 7 or March 8 at 11 am as per convenience so that an active and meaningful consultative process could be initiated.” (Javed Aziz Khan, “KP Assembly polls date: KP governor, ECP officials fail to evolve consensus,” The News International, 9 March 2023)

Unravelling PPP’s unhappiness with PDM
On 8 March, an editorial in Dawn discussed the complaints raised by PPP in the last week. The editorial discussed that PPP having second thoughts on its contribution to the PDM coalition will only prolong the democratic transition. Either the PPP is subverting the democratic process for some larger political gains or it could really be strategizing its political pitch in upcoming Punjab election on the complaints of digital census and efficient rehabilitation of victims of 2022 floods. (“Second Thoughts,” Dawn, 9 March 2023)

ECONOMY
IMF staff level agreement yet to see the date, Dar claims Pakistan is fully committed to conclude IMF talks
On 8 March, during a meeting of the Senate Standing Committee on Finance, SBP governor revealed that the IMF staff level agreement was close to finalisation and expected an announcement soon. He did not provide a date for such an announcement. Finance Minister Ishaq Dar said, “I and my team are absolutely committed to completing this [IMF] programme to the best of our ability…We seem to be very close to signing a staff-level agreement hopefully in the next few days.” The governor also mentioned that authorities aim to close the current financial year at a current account deficit of USD 7 billion, USD 1.2 less than the IMF benchmark. The CAD has remained $3.8 billion during the first seven months of the current fiscal year, down by 68%. (Shahbaz Rana, “No date given for staff-level agreement with IMF,” The Express Tribune, 8 March 2023)

SOCIETY
Aurat March: Police charged unassuming participants  
On 8 March, Islamabad police officers charged Aurat March's unassuming participants with batons. This gathered much criticism which led to the arrest of some constables and officers. The police officers reportedly used force without prior aggression from the individuals in the march. Interior minister Sanuallah has vowed to take “strict legal action” against the perpetrators for the mistreatment of the citizens. This event has led to several women activists protesting against the maltreatment. Minister Sherry Rehman also was caught up in a scuffle and a group of 200 burqa-clad women carried out a strike in the Express Chowk region of Islamabad. (Munawer Azeem, “Three cops suspended after a scuffle with Aurat marchers,” Dawn, 9 March 2023)

Occupied Kashmir: Hijab mandate
On 9 March, a Dawn editorial said the Occupied Kashmir government is imposing a strict Hijab mandate for students and teachers of coed schools, where any school faulting the rules will be penalised. This has gathered much criticism on social media, questioning why the government is more worried about the dress code rather than the education of the pupils. The demonstration of partiality shows the bias towards moral policing. The policing of women has come under criticism stating that such laws will take away agency from women and give power to authorities to control them. (“Hijab decision,” Dawn, 9 March 2023)

Regressive mindset: Punjab University students attacked for Holi celebration
On 9 March, an editorial in The News International discussed the attack on Hindu students at Punjab University who were celebrating Holi. A joyous event turned ugly as the student political body disrupted the event. This attack can be traced down to the regressive mindset nurtured by narrow politics. The stories circulated show how innocent students were attacked for celebrating the festival, this goes against the values of what governments preach where harmony and integrity lay at the heart of the Pakistan constitution. In contradiction, political parties have subtly promoted such divisions and values amongst the youth leading to the event as such. Pakistan needs to start reanalysis the grassroots issues at hand and focus on promoting values of diversity and pluralism. (“Ugly hatred,” The New International,  9 March 2023)

Aurat March: Men need to be made aware
On 9 March, The News International reported on the attack on participants of the Aurat March. The march brings in women’s and activists of all spheres voicing their efforts on women's issues, which every year is met by some kind of disruption. Administration and political outfits of various groups have either tried to prevent the march or disrupt the peaceful procession. This brings in the question, why did they do this when the march was permitted under law. This could be strictly traced back to the patriarchal society, where when men feel threatened by the freedom warranted to women, such regressive standards can be observed in not only family space but educational. The issue can only be addressed when men are brought to the sphere to gather with women and voice for their fellow women. Awareness and encouragement of the other gender is vital so that they can realise the urgency of the issue. (Kamila Hyat “Why are men scared of women?” The News International, 9 March 2023)

“A 5-member bench of the Supreme Court directed the President to announce the date, which he gave as April 30, to hold elections in Punjab + Pakhtunkhwa in 90 days. There were barely 55 days left in this election when Tehreek-e-Insaf Prepared to hold his election rally in Lahore.” -Imran Khan   “Friends from @AuratAzadiMarchare rightly upset. The Islamabad police had NO business laathi charging a small peaceful procession. It is the women holding laathis that need to be pushed back, not progressive women. Sad to see this happening. Will seek an inquiry” -Senator Sherry Rehman   “Ali Bilal unarmed & our dedicated & passionate PTI worker murdered by Punjab police. Shameful, this brutality on unarmed PTI workers who were coming to attend election rally. Pakistan is in the grip of murderous criminals. We will file cases against IG, CCPO & others for murder. ” -Imran Khan

“Old ways should no longer be employed to meet new challenges.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘A judicial renaissance?’

In Brief
POLITICS
Centre ready to answer PPP's concerns over digital census 
On 7 March, the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) and National Database Registration Authority rushed to answer provinces' concerns over Pakistan first digital census. This comes in turn of threats warranted by the PPP leader over the centre's “failure” in addressing Sindh’s concerns. Planning Minister Ahsan Iqbal stated that it’s the first time Pakistan would be engaging in a digital census costing PKR 34 billion, this would require commitment by all sectors to make it a success. PPP has been called out as part of “politics” and that they should realise the importance of census while the government is ready to answer all genuine queries. Renewed threats were also announced by the Muttahida Qaumi Movement-Pakistan (MQM-P), stating that a Karachi population below 40 million would not be acceptable. (Amir Wasim,“ Centre rushes to allay PPP concerns over census ” Dawn, 8 March 2023)
 
PTI to delay its election campaign 
On 8 March, the Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf (PTI) would be delaying its campaign rally located from Zaman Park to Data Darbar. The election campaign would be initiated from Sangla Hill town in Punjab, whereas the rally that is set to happen on Wednesday will beheld for “respect and dignity of the judiciary.” In a recent party update, PTI announced Chaudhry Parvez Elahi as the president of the party. (Ahmad Fraz Khan, “PTI puts off election campaign until Saturday” Dawn, 8 March 2023)
 
Warrants against PTI leaders 
On 7 March, the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) petitioned for a bailable arrest against PTI Imran Khan and Fawad Chaudhry stating “Contempt of Court”. The four-member bench directed Islamabad police to warrant arrest for both by 14 March. Another case is registered against the PTI leaders and 50 activists for delivering enticing speeches against the government and accusing the state of contempt against Imran Khan. (Asif Chaudhry, Iftikhar A. Khan, “ECP issues arrest warrants for PTI chief, Fawad in contempt case,” Dawn, 8 March 2023)
 
Islamabad High Court suspends Imran Khan's non-bailable arrest warrant
On 7 March, Islamabad High Court (IHC) issued a suspension of a non-bailable arrest warrant against PTI Chairman Imran Khan for the Toshakhanacase, and is asked to present himself in court on 13 March. Imran’s counsel reiterated that; he is ready to present himself in court but couldn’t owing to security threats and requested a four-week extension. The suspension awarded by IHC Chief Justice Aamer Farooq warned the PTI chief counsel that, if in case he fails to appear again he would be declared a proclaimed offender and his properties would be seized. (MalikAsad, “IHC suspends Imran’s arrest warrant,” Dawn, 8 March 2023)
 
ECONOMY
IMF to get assurance from all creditors before SLA
On 8 March, The News International reported that the IMF is acquiring confirmation from all multilateral and bilateral creditors for Pakistan before the Staff Level Agreement (SLA). Pakistan feels confident about the signing of the agreement as most responsibilities for the deal to be approved have been taken care of except for a few minor issues that remain unresolved. IMF has been sorting details from the Ministry of Finance, getting assurance in writing a signed letter of intent from Ishaq Dar and the governor of SBP. (Mehtab Haider, “IMF getting confirmation from Pakistan’s creditors,” The News International, 8 March 2023)
 
COAS: Informs businessmen that the “worst is behind us”
On 6 March, Army Chief Asim Munir and Finance Minister Ishaq Dar met with Pakistan’s top 10 businessmen, stating to them that the worst is behind them. The army chief sounded optimistic about the future of the country and that the difficult time will pass. Munir was asked by the businessman why isn’t the government and political parties coming together to solve the serious economic challenge, to which he answered that might further create Chaos and polarization. (“COAS assures businessmen ‘worst is behind us,” The News International, 8 March 2023)
 
SOCIETY
LHC: Warrants Aurat March procession 
On 7 March, Lahore High Court warranted Aurat March organizers to hold a procession as part of the Women’s Day event. The petition was filed after they were denied permission to hold Aurat March amid a threat by the JI party. The court maintained that it was the responsibility of the administration to look over law and order and also advised the march organizers to cooperate in peaceful protest. Women march every year faces ripples when the court not only bans but pushes penalties over the petitioners. In Pakistan, where 1000 women die of honour killing every year and 12 million girls opt out of schools, the women's movement is a vital reminder for the public and the court of the urgency of the issue. ( Wajih Ahmad Sheikh, “Organisers allowed to hold Aurat March today,” Dawn, 8 March 2023; “ Women’s day,” The News International, 8 March 2023; “Women’s emancipation,” The Express Tribune, 8 March 2023)
 
Gender equality 
On 8 March, reports Dawn on women’s day notes on the battles faced for gender equality. World Bank awarded Pakistan a higher score owing to the legal reforms to enable women to register in the business sector where they no longer need to provide their husbands' names. Afghan women are facing persecution, stripped of their rights and trampled under the Taliban regime. The World Bank reports that the treatment of women has reached a 20-year record low, the world has only seen 34 gender-based reform initiatives taken across 18 countries. The UN believes that in the current phase, it would take the world another 300 years to achieve gender equality. (“Embrace Equity,” Dawn, 8 March 2023)
 
PAKISTAN-US
US: To revive post 9/11 initiative amid rising terrorist activities 
On 7 March, the US and Pakistan met to engage in increased dialogue amid regional and global terroirs threats. The policy was chaired by Christopher Landberg engaging in diplomatic talks that went on for two days which the US hints that they want to revive initiatives post 9/11 era, as there have been heightened terrorist activities in the region. TTP and IS-K intensification has alerted the US over threats of terrorism, US assured their continued cooperation with Pakistan despite their removal from Afghanistan. (Kamran Yousaf, “US hints at reviving post-9/11 era anti-terror initiatives with Pakistan,” The Express Tribune, 7 March 2023; Iftikhar A. Khan, “Pakistan, US to work jointly against global, regional threats,” Dawn, 8 March 2023)

“The reports of sad and moral depravity coming from around Zaman Park and which has been confirmed by the audio leaks of the past few days are also unable to appreciate decency. Imran Khan was imposed on this nation to do this.” -Maulana Fazl-ur-Rehman   “Tomorrow afternoon I am starting my election campaign with a rally. In KP and Punjab we will mobilize the people for a record turnout in this election, God willing, which will be historic in every sense.” -Imran Khan   “Chairman Imran Khan has never made any request to meet Army chief or any of his representatives likewise President has never approached Chairman PTI with any suggestion of Army Chief for meeting Shahbaz Sharif, speculations in this regard are baseless.” -Ch Fawad Hussain

“So complete is the devaluation of women in society that our little girls are raised on a steady diet of misogyny.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘The other half’

In Brief
POLITICS
Supreme Court did not declare Imran Khan truthful on all counts, says former CJP
On 6 March, former Chief Justice Mian Saqib Nisar said that the under his tenure the supreme court did not declare Imran Khan as “truthful and honest” unreservedly and only said it in a certain aspect of conduct. In 2017 the supreme court rejected a petition against the PTI chairman Imran Khans' disqualification over allegations of undeclared assets. The former CJP reclarifies his statement that they did not cover all aspects of Imran Khans' conduct just issued on that particular case. Nisar admitted to his error saying that he is a human being and is bound to make some. ("Never gave Imran ‘clean chit’, says ex-CJP Nisar,” Dawn, 7 March 2023)
 
Imran Khan to IHC: Petitions against the refusal to suspend the non-bailable arrest warrant
On 7 March, Imran Khan moves Islamabad High Court challenging the non-suspension of his arrest warrant. Additional sessions judge rejected his plea to cancel the non-bailable arrest warrant issued for the Toshakhana case. He again missed the hearing in the Islamabad session, instead,the court was asked to adjourn the meeting till 9 March as Imran Khan is set to appear in IHC for the review of his petition. (Ahmed Subhan, ArfaFerozZake, “Imran Khan challenges denial to suspend his arrest warrant in IHC,” The News International, 7 March 2023)
 
Asif Ali Zardari: Will reconsider the alliance
On 7 March, former President Asif Ali Zardari expressed his reservation aboutthe “digital census” and that over their stance on Pakistan Democratic Movement. He said that his party was part of the government but they were a member of the PDM alliance. Reinstating that they might reconsider alliances with other parties before the elections are held. He also said that Imran Khan was not a politician as no politician fears court trial while attributing his recent election success in Rajanpur to a price hike. (Gulzar Baig, “Zardari voices ‘reservations’ with the ruling coalition,” Dawn, 7 March 2023)
 
ELECTIONS IN PUNJAB AND KP
Punjab and KP: ECP to appoint DROs and ROs
On 7 March, reports Dawn that the Election Commission of Pakistan plans to appoint District Returning Officers (DROs) and Returning Officers (ROs) for the general elections set to be held soon in the Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region. Section 50 of the Election Act states that the commission shall appoint a district returning officer for each district. The official date for the general elections is set to be announced soon. (Iftikhar A. Khan, “ECP to seek the appointment of DROs, ROs from the judiciary for Punjab, KP poll,” Dawn, 7 March 2023)
 
ECONOMY
Pakistan requests China for a rollover of USD 2 billion
On 7 March, reports The News International that Pakistan informed the IMF about the request they put towards China for a rollover of USD two billion as part of SAFE deposit (State Administration of Foreign Exchange) for another year. The revival of the IMF programme will aid Pakistan to receive funding from all possible avenues as well as the promised rollover by China, which has been verbally assured. (Mehtab Haider, “China requested to roll over $2bn deposits, Pakistan tells IMF,” The News International, 7 March 2023)
 
Pakistan textiles export fell to 28 per cent, says APTMA
On 6 March, All Pakistan Textile Mills Association (APTMA) reported that Pakistan’s textile exports have plunged to a massive drop of 28 per cent at USD 1.2 billion. In the last eight months, they saw a steady decline of 11 per cent going from USD 12. 60 billion to USD 11 billion. This comes at a time when the country is facing an extreme economic crash and a massive drop in foreign reserves. (“Textile exports plunge 28pc to $1.2bn: APTMA,” The News International, 7 March 2023)
 
OCCUPIED KASHMIR
Hijab to be made mandatory in school
On 06 March, the occupied Kashmir government mandated that all female students and teachers would have to wear hijabs in mixed-gendered educational institutes. The schools were informed of the compulsory issue and warned that strict actions would be taken against anyone who would refuse to follow the mandate. The reason for the circular has been stated as the lack of proper dress codes being followed in educational institutes. (“Hijab made mandatory for students, teachers in AJK,” The News International, 7 March 2023)
 
EXTERNAL
Iran to file USD 18 billion litigation against Pakistan for an IP pipe project
On 7 March, The Express Tribune reported that Pakistan is facing litigation against the incomplete Iran-Pakistan Gas Pipeline project. The country is threatened to face the international court where Iran claims that they spent USD 2 billion as part of the pipeline project, whereas Pakistan hasn’t even begun the construction. The project was halted under the pressure from Saudi Arabia due to a rift with Qatar, where two projects were made to be shelved. While the Qatar project resumed the Iran pipeline project never began. If Iran doesn’t go to International Court, this would mean they are surrendering USD 18 billion worth of claims. (Zafar Bhutta, “Litigation looms as Iran claims $18b for IP pipeline,” The Express Tribune, 7 March 2023)

“Now on 76th case against me. Well on my way to a century of cases, with the latest case of treason filed against me for highlighting Dirty Harry's use of torture & other human rights abuses.” -Imran Khan   “Today again the court will keep calling "Mafroor Khan" in the hearing but he did not appear. The one who said "I am not at home; I will appear in court on 7th" is again flouting the judicial system and the law. This is the country's elite and mafia that consider themselves above the law.” -Senator Sherry Rehman   “Policemen who got martyred in Bolan, Balochistan, today are heroes of the nation. May their souls rest in peace! My heartfelt condolences & prayers are with the bereaved families.” -Shehbaz Sharif

“A journey of ideas would remain incomplete in its quest if filtered through narrow expediencies.” -An Opinion in Dawn, ‘Framed in selective memories’

In Brief
POLITICS
Unfulfilled promises: Bilawal mulls over pulling back support from coalition
On 5 March, after releasing PKR 8.39 billion to the Benazir Income Support Programme (BISP) for disbursement of PKR 5,000 per acre to each small grower holding up to 12 acres of agricultural land. He reminded the federal government’s share of PKR 4.7 billion in providing relief to flood-hit farmers through the subsidy programme. He also raised reservations on the ongoing digital census and said: “How it is justified that election to one provincial assembly is held on the basis of 2018 census, while the other on the digital census.” Bilawal termed inflation the biggest problem facing the country, adding that the law-and-order situation was also alarming; he expressed PPP’s capability in resolving the issues. Bilawal Bhutto also term Imran Khan as rat who brought further divisions and distractions. (Tahir Siddiqui, “PPP hints at quitting govt over unkept promises,” Dawn, 6 March 2023; K M Abbasi, “Bilawal warns of quitting govt if promises not fulfilled,” The Express Tribune, 6 March 2023)

Fazlur Rahmancalls for postponement of polls in Punjab and KP
On 5 March, taking deteriorating law and order situation in the country, Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam-Fazl (JUIF-F) chief Maulana Fazlur Rehman called for postponing the election in the said provinces. Provincial elections will be held on 30 April in Punjab while dates for KP province are yet to be announced. He regretted that Supreme Court (SC) did not take suo moto notice during 2018 election while the institution was proactive in recent times. The president of the ruling PDM alliance said that PKR 80 billion was being demanded by relevant authorities for ballot papers at a time when the state was unable to provide bread to the poor. (“Security concerns: Fazl seeks postponement of polls in Punjab, KP,” The News International, 6 March 2023)
 
Imran Khan arrest drama: Police returns empty handed
On 5 March, a team of Islamabad police were in Lahore upholding warrant order issued by the court order over absence of Imran Khan from hearing of Toshkhana case against him. Islamabad Police took to twitter and claimed that Imran Khan was avoiding the arrest. The police could not locate Imran Khan at his Lahore residence. Later, former PM appeared to speak to his supporters who shielded him from police and said: “The crime minister [prime minister] was about to be convicted in an Rs8 billion money laundering case… [but] he was rescued by [former army chief] Gen (retd) Qamar Javed Bajwa and, while under trial, he [Shehbaz Sharif] was made the prime minister.” He explained that his life was in danger and he was being called to appear in one case after another against him. In his defence of being non guilty in Toshkhana case, he said: “If proceedings of the Toshakhana case are aired on TV, people will know that Nawaz Sharif and Asif Ali Zardari are the real dacoits, and the only person who did not do anything against the law will turn out to be Imran Khan.”
Later, Interior Minister told media persons that the government was not interested in arresting the former prime minister and that could have been done 28 February itself but defence court procedure to indict Imran Khan.
Seperately, on 5 March, Minister for Information and Broadcasting compared Imran Khan to a ‘jackal’ over his escape tactics. The tweet mentioned Nawaz Sharif as brave who stood up to the law and constitution while Imran Khan was fleeing away from arrests. (Mansoor Malik, Ikram Junaidi, “Imran ‘dodges’ police, but govt not interested in arrest,” Dawn, 6 March 2023; Muhammad Shahzad, Imran Adnan, “Imran evades arrest amid high drama,” The Express Tribune, 6 March 2023; “Marriyum derides Imran Khan as 'jackal',” The Express Tribune, 6 March 2023)
 
ECONOMY
Pakistan hopeful on securing deposits from Saudi Arabia to jack forex reserve up to USD 10 billion
On 5 March, the officials in government were hopeful in getting a nod from Saudi Arabia for securing additional deposits of USD 2 billion and a USD 950 million loan programme from the World Bank and Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) for the signing of a Staff-Level Agreement (SLA) with the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Earlier, China had refinanced two commercial loans of USD 1.2 billion in two installments, USD 700 million and USD 500 million. Refinancing of two more commercial loans is expected in the coming week. Pakistan has implemented various measures to satisfaction of IMF and bolsters its revenue sheet. (“Saudi deposits nod crucial for clinching IMF deal,” The News International, 6 March 2023)

EXTERNAL
Qatar will provide complete cooperation in development and progress agenda of Pakistan: PMO
On 5 March, during the 5th UN Least Developed Countries (LDC) Conference in Qatar, Prime Minster met with the Emir of Qatar, Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani bilaterally. The press release from PMO maintained that Qatar has keen interest in strengthening economic cooperation between the two countries. During the meeting, the two leaders discussed ways to strengthen bilateral cooperation, investment, trade and employment opportunities for skilled manpower. The emir also accepted the prime minister’s invitation to visit Pakistan. PM also met with Qatar Investment Authority (QIA) Chief Executive Officer. (Syed Irfan Raza, “Qatar to help Pakistan tackle economic challenges,” Dawn, 6 March 2023)

'Interestingly, Pakistan ordered wheat from Russia & this wheat is delivered to Pakistan by an Indian Ship, now unloaded at Gwadar.Ship MV Lila Chennai is carrying 50,000 metric tons of wheat from Russia. Pakistan could have imported from India if we think business & costs." -Pakistanomy "Comparison of Nawaz Sharif Altaf Hussain with ban on Imran khan is hypocritical, both Nawaz and Altaf are convicted criminals who left Pakistan and are players of international establishment whereas, IK is facing political cases merely because he is symbol of people power." -fawadchaudhry "Anger in treasury benches of parliament. Senator Mian Raza Rabbani, Former Chairman Senate said that dragging of the feet by the IMF on signing the Agreement and reluctance of friendly countries, except China, to help sans the IMF, Parliament needs to be taken into confidence." -HamirMirPAK

“What matters is not how much the government spends; rather, what matters is the difference between how much the government spends compared to how much it raises in revenues.” An opinion in Business Recorder, ‘Monetary-fiscal history of Latin America: lessons for Pakistan’

In Brief
POLITICS
Punjab elections to be held from 30 April: President Arif Alvi
On 3 March, President Dr Arif Alvi announced 30 April as the general election date for the Punjab Assembly. This came soon after the Election Commission of Pakistan sent a letter proposing possible dates for the electionsand also asked the Khyber – Pakhtunkhwa region too soon make an announcement. This move came after the Supreme Court verdict ordering the immediate announcement of the date in consultationwiththe responsible parties. Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf (PTI) welcomed the announcement stating that this is a step in the right direction and see it as a victory for the party in upholding the constitution. (Muhammad Anis & Mumtaz Alvi, “President ArifAlvi fixes April 30 for polls in Punjab,” The News International, 4 March 2023)
 
Imran Khan: Willing to talk to COAS Munir, and wants former COAS Bajwa to face court martial
On 3 March, Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf (PTI) Chairman Imran Khan announced that he is ready to talk to Chief of Army (COAS) Gen Asim Munir, though claiming that no one wants to talk to him. He further disagreed with the corruption accusation against him and his wife and claimed that he isin contact with the Saudi Crown Prince. Imran Khan accused the army Chief Qamar JavedBajwa of “backstabbing” and that the PTI government was toppled by a regime change conspiracy for which Bajwa should face a court martial. The PTI leader feels like his life is at threat saying, “I am in danger from those, who are supposed to protect me,” naming the prime minister and interior minister as the possible perpetrators. (Mansoor Malik, “Imran willing to talk to COAS ‘in Pakistan’s interest’,” Dawn, 4 March 2023; “Imran Khan wants former COAS Bajwa to face court-martial,” The News International, 4 March 2023 )
 
SOCIETY
Aurat March: Lahore Deputy Commissioner denies permission
On 4 March, Lahore Deputy Commissioner denied permission to organize the ‘Aurat March’ reasoning his fear of a clash erupting with the right-wing Jammat-e-Islami (JI), who openly announced a program against the Aurat March. Commissioner said: “Your application has been examined and it transpires that in wake of the current security scenario, threat alerts and law and order situation, and in light of activities like controversial cards and banners for awareness of women’s rights and strong reservations of [the] general public and religious organizations especially Jamaat-e-Islami.” Aurat March organizers have strongly condemned the action and announced that they had the constitutional right to peacefully assemble. Human Rights Commissions of Pakistan have condemned the Commissioner's rejection and demanded the government to allow Aurat March their permit. ( Asif Mehmood “ Lahore DC refuses permission for Aurat March, fears clash with JI” The Express Tribune, 4 March 2023)

ECONOMY
Wheat production crisis: Low and middle-income families to suffer the most
On 4 March, reports Dawn on the wheat crisis Pakistan is facing with the low to middle-income families already struggling in the current economic climate. The country, now facing high inflationary prices and rising living costs, has to struggle with low wheat production and delivery. Sindh province is experiencing the effects of paranoia where millers have reportedly halted production over inadequate supplies, while the government accuse the millers of hoarding wheat to surcharge the prices. The prices have been hiked to PKR 130 per kilo, owing to mismanagement of the market despite sufficient wheat stock and imports. For many years Pakistan was not only self-sufficient in wheat production but also supplied to the World Food Programme. (“Wheat flour crisis,” Dawn, 4 March 2023)

“After the bullying and blackmailing strategy failed, Imran Khan has once again started begging the establishment. If holding the neck does not work, then the feet have come to be held. 10 months anti-establishment harasser now says no fight with establishment.” -Senator Sherry Rehman   “Formalities completed & Chinese Bank, ICBC approved rollover of US$1.3 billion facility which has been repaid by Pakistan to ICBC in recent months. Facility will be disbursed in 3 instalments, first one of US$500 million has been received by SBP. It will increase forex reserves!” -Ishaq Dar   “Imran says tell me the corruption case against me. He and his minister declared Pakistani pilots fake with the intention of giving business to foreign airlines, banned Pakistani airlines in Europe and America and caused several hundred billion losses to PIA, while it could cover ten years of losses. ” -Ahsan Iqbal

“Oil and gas extraction requires huge capital, sophisticated technology and highly skilled labour.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘Gas infrastructure & communities’

In Brief
ECONOMY
Pakistan soon to face a wheat shortage, mills protest hiking prices
On 2 March, Sindh Millers increased flour prices, adding to the plight of ongoing food inflation. Pakistan Flour Mills Association Sindh zone chairman Amir Abdullah reasoned this increase due to Sindh Food Departments' poor quality and insufficient amount of wheat provided to the millers forcing them to sell at lower rates. This move is a way to pressurize the board by closing milling operations around the Karachi province with 92 of them halting production. They complain that there is little stock left and that there would be a wheat shortage soon in Pakistan. (Aamir Shafaat Khan, “Consumers brace for flour shortage,” Dawn, 3 March 2023)

Pakistan stock sees slight improvement
On 2 March, Pakistan stocks saw relief with stronger financing in the oil and baking sector. The KSE index increased by 0.6 per cent, with those 152 shares traded with a total value of PKR 8.1 billion. The production, fertilizer banks and power sectors are gradually contributing positively to the stock index. (“Stocks end higher on strong oil, banking results,” Dawn, 3 March 2023)

China: West responsible for Pakistan's economic crisis
On 2 March, Chinese Foreign Minister Mao Ning blamed the west for Pakistan's financial difficulties. That the western led creditors and multilateral financial institutions were responsible and called for concrete efforts that need to be taken by all parties. She said, “China always carries out economic and financial cooperation with Pakistan and helps Pakistan to achieve steady economic growth, improve its livelihood and achieve independence development.” (“West behind Pakistan’s economic crisis: China,” The News International, 3 March 2023)

POLITICS
Punjab: ECP to hold elections by last week of April
On 3 March, the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) proposed a tentative date for the Punjab election, likely in the last week of April. This comes after the Supreme Court verdict announcing the date for elections and ordered to be held in the stipulated time frame with a slight leeway of delay. The chief secretaries of the provinces complained over the lack of police forces, and the finance division expressed the issue of lack of funds hindering their ability to provide for the elections. (“ECP may hold Punjab PA polls in last week of April,” Dawn, 3 March 2023)

SECURITY
Six TTP terrorists killed
On 2 March, six terrorists were killed and 15 wounded in an improvised explosive device attack (IED) aimed at Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP).  No group has claimed responsibility for the attack against the terrorist group, but it is speculated that it could be an old rival Daesh of the region. The militants in Pakistan are now divided into smaller groups spread across the country, with no singular enemy. (“Commanders among six TTP terrorists killed in Khost IED attack,” The News International, 3 March 2023)

EXTERNAL
Russia exports 50,000 metric tons of wheat to Pakistan
On 2 March, a Russian shipment to Pakistan carrying 50,000 metric tonsof wheat reached Gwadar port. This came as part of the Trading Corporation of Pakistan (TCP) with Russia, and the Gwadar International Terminal Limited (GITL) took care of the import. Pakistan is set to import 450,000 metric tons of wheat which would reach in nine shipments, each carrying 50,000 metric tons. (“Ship carrying 50,000MT Russian wheat reaches Gwadar,” The Express Tribune, 3 March 2023)

The Pakistan-Iran gas pipeline project needs to be expedited: Standing Committee
On 2 March, National Assembly Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs informed the government that the Pakistan-Iran Gas pipeline project needs to complete as the deadline approaches.  The committee raised concern over the ordinary delay of construction and that as per agreement should they fail to complete the project by 2024, they would face USD 18 billion fines from the French court. The committee stressed the need to put all efforts into completing the project and secure waivers from sanctions on the oil trade with Iran. (Amir Wasim, “Govt urged to expedite Pakistan-Iran gas pipeline project,” Dawn, 3 March 2023)

INDIA- PAKISTAN
Declining crowd at Wagah border
On 2 March, the Express Tribune that the splendor of the Wagah border parade is thinning out blaming the inflation, economic and political condition of Pakistan. The initial thinning of the crowd was caused by Covid protocol, but with the world returning to normalcy the Wagah border hasn’t returned to its old glory. The spectators at the border were around 10,000 with the lack of interest by the younger generation the stadium runs quiet. (Asif Mehmood “Crowd at Wagah Border parades thinning out,” The Express Tribune, 2 March 2023)

“Your merciless looting, incompetence, wrong priorities, cruel deal with IMF and its violation have put this country on the path of economic collapse. And look bold! The people who are eliminating this mess of yours are putting your mess on their heads!” -Maryam Nawaz Sharif   “Anti-Pakistan elements are spreading malicious rumors that Pakistan may default. This is not only completely false but also belie the facts. SBP forex reserves have been increasing and are almost US $ 1 billion higher than four weeks ago despite making all external…” -Ishaq Dar   “If the Govt & opposition think that economy is controllable in months & years to come then they do not know. Things are not usual. See G20 meeting’s statement about sovereign debt? Status quo is being promoted by Pakistan’s elite but they are not seeing beyond their shoulders.” -SyedShabbarZaidi

“High inflation will have an impact on the education sector in a number of ways.” -An opinion on Dawn , ‘Major response needed’

In brief
POLITICS
Split Verdict: Supreme courts orders timely elections
On 1 March, the Supreme Court directed the Election Commission of Pakistan to hold elections in Punjab and Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa region within 90 days. The court urged the ECP to consult with President Arif Alvi and Governor Ghulam Ali for elections in Punjab and KP respectively. The split verdict of three to two reprimanded Governor Ghulam for not announcing the election dates after the disbandment of the provincial assembly. Two judges holding the minority view called the suo motu “haste” and “unjustified”. However, the majority view of three judges, including Chief Justice Umar Ata Bandial, expressed that since the elections must be held in the stipulated time frame the government or president must take over the constitutional responsibility. Meanwhile, the Law Minister and the Attorney General stated that neither a review petition was required, nor was any further interpretation necessary. (Nasir Iqbal, “SC orders timely polls, allowing for slight leeway,” Dawn, 2 March 2023; Nasir Iqbal, Iftikhar A Khan, “Situationer: Win for govt or storm in a teacup?,” Dawn, 2 March 2023)

PTI puts a break on arrest drive; concentrates on election campaigning 
On 2 March, Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf (PTI) announced that they are taking a break from ‘Jail Bharo Tehreek’ to launch their election drive on 4 March. Imran Khan suspended the arrest drive to launch their campaign and informed the party leaders to hold a meeting in all districts. They met to further discuss Pakistan’s political and economic situation and to finalize electoral candidate lists for the elections. PTI leaders celebrated the Supreme Court verdict to hold the elections within the stipulated time frame. Imran Khan lauded the Supreme Court's judgement and warned the coalition that they cannot run away from elections. (Mansoor Malik,“PTI halts ‘court arrest’ drive to enter election mode,” Dawn, 2 March )

ECONOMY
PBS warns of hyperinflation as inflation reaches 31.5 per cent
On 1 March, the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) announced that Pakistan might face hyperinflation with inflation recorded at 31.5 per cent, the highest since 1973. Pakistan has now become the 17th most expensive country as it witnesses a surge in energy and fuel prices, along with the devaluation of the currency. The Consumer Price Index rose to 31.5 per cent and the Wholesale Price Index rose to 36.4 per cent with PKR losing its value to 16.5 per cent in one month. (Israr Khan, “Inflation hits nearly 50-year high in February,” The News International, 2 March 2023; Shahbaz Rana, “Inflation hits half-century peak at 31.5%, ” The Express Tribune, 2 March 2023 )

Export and trade deficits continue to decline 
On 2 March, the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics reported that exports decreased to 18.67 per cent in February, facing a consistent low since the last five months. The trade deficit also narrowed down to 43.56 per cent with imports dropping to 31.5 per cent. The Pakistan economy is facing a balance of payment crisis where they are spending more on imports while exports continue to fall. Additionally, the foreign currency reserve is dangerously low, weighing down Pakistan’s currency. (Israr Khan, “Exports decline for a fifth straight month in February, trade deficit narrows,” The News International, 2 March 2023)

EXTERNAL
Pakistan's ambassador to Afghanistan resigns 
On 1 March, Pakistan’s Ambassador to Afghanistan Mohammad Sadiq resigned from his position; Sadiq said, “After serving close to three years as Pakistan’s Special Representative for Afghanistan, I have requested the government that the time has come for me to move on and focus on my pursuits.” This resignation comes as trade between the two countries is expected to rise and there has been an influx of Afghan refugees in Pakistan after the Kabul government's fall. (Mariana Baabar,“ Pakistan’s special envoy to Afghanistan resigns” The News International, 2 March 2023)

PROVINCES 
Sindh: PM agrees to extend self-enumeration in census, says MQM-P
On 2 March, the Muttahida Qaumi Movement-Pakistan (MQM-P) said that PM Shehbaz Sharif had agreed to their demand to extend the date for self-enumeration on census and to not consider one high-rise building as a unit. They argued that several thousand units have not been counted in Karachi owing to the practice of counting high rises as a singular unit. The party further maintained that the self-enumeration facility should not be limited to a deadline but should continue till door-to-door census is completed. (Syed Irfan Raza, “PM to address concerns over census: MQM-P,” Dawn, 2 March 2023)

Punjab: Digital census commences in Lahore
On 2 March, Lahore began its digital census campaign at Deputy Commissioner Rafia Haider’s house. She visited Shadman and Jail Road to examine the digital census teams’ performances and announced that the census would be taken in two phases, from 1 March to 15 March and from 15 March to 1 April. Lahore is part of the seventh census district, divided into 873 sectors, with 8,068 blocks consisting of 200 to 250 houses each. (“Digital census begins in Lahore,” The News International, 2 March 2023)

Punjab: Not possible to hold elections within 90 days, says CEC 
On 3 March, Dawn reported that the ECP was ready to propose an election date for the Punjab Assembly after the Supreme Court delivered its verdict to hold elections within 90 days. However, Chief Election Com­missioner (CEC) Sikandar Sultan Raja said that it would not be possible to hold an election within the stipulated time even if they announce the schedule in the next 24 hours as they require a minimum of 54 days to hold various election duties. (Iftikhar A. Khan,“ ECP set to propose Punjab dates with minimum delay,” Dawn, 2 March 2023)

JUDICIARY 
Justice Isa regrets arbitrary change of bench 
On 2 March, Justice Qazi Faez Isa released an observation expressing his regret over the arbitrary change of bench. He said that this creates doubt and that the public would raise questions over the fairness of the institution. Isa stated that if CJP or registrar have the independence to change the bench after the hearing, it violates and undermines the principles of the judiciary saying, “We must not be unmindful of the fact that the judiciary was established for one and only one purpose; to decide cases, which it must do efficiently, fairly and transparently.” ( Nasir Iqbal,“ People must know how justice is administered, says Isa,” Dawn, 2 March 2023)

SECURITY
Surge in militant attacks in February 
On 2 March, Dawn reported that according to the Pakistan Institute for Conflict and Security Studies (PICSS), February saw an all-time surge in militant activities. At least 58 attacks by militants and 62 casualties were recorded, marking the highest rise in attacks in a month since June 2015. However, compared to January the death toll decreased by 56 per cent; most casualties were recorded in the Peshawar Police Line suicide attack. Meanwhile, security killed 55 suspected militants and arrested 75 suspected militants in Punjab and KP. (Ikram Junaidi, “Militant attacks surged in February, says report” Dawn, 2 March 2023)

“Rupee slaughtered - lost over 62% or 110/$ in 11 months of PDM. This has increased public debt alone Rs 14.3 trn & historic 75 yr high inflation 31.5%. Pakistanis paying heavy price of regime change conspiracy where a bunch of criminals have been foisted upon nation by ex COAS.” -Imran Khan   “The Attorney General and the Law Minister made their own and the government's resignation by giving a wrong opinion. Before that, the Law Minister had to go home when he raised the slogan "This is the uniform behind terrorism". This time the government The Law Minister and the Attorney General should be sent home for incompetence and misconduct” -Ch Fawad Hussain   “By withdrawing the "announcement" of the date of elections in Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the President proved that he had issued an unconstitutional order. The President's lawyers are admitting that Arif Alvi exceeded his constitutional powers, clearly did not have the constitutional authority to give the date of elections.” -SenatorSherryRehma

“Unsustainable development models have led to the reckless exploitation of nature.” -An opinion on Dawn, ‘Ecocide in the Indus basin’

In Brief
ECONOMY
Pakistan expresses displeasure over the IMF’s changing interpretation of the loan program 
On 1 March, Dawn reported Pakistan governments displeasure amid the IMF’s changing interpretation of provisions to provide critical funding ahead of staff-level agreement (SLA). The changes made to IMF’s loan program include an early hike in central banks' interest rate, exchange rate movement to cater to war-ravaged sanction hist Afghanistan, written assurance from friendly nations over financing gaps and the continuation of PKR 3.39 per unit surcharge on electricity for the coming years. Pakistan’s senior officials accused IMF of maltreatment saying, “We are members of the IMF, not beggars or else our membership be discarded.” The government accused IMF of misleading while they publicly want to tax the rich but most of the demands will be directly impacting the poor with the rise of sales tax rates. (KhaleeqKiani, “Govt unhappy as IMF ‘shifts goalposts’,” Dawn, 1 March 2023)
 
PM appreciated ADB’s economic support 
On 28 February, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif met with the Asian Development Bank delegation from Japan, China and South Korea. PM appreciated ADB continued financial support through various sectors of transport, energy and social sector. And that they will continue to aid Pakistan in stabilizing its economy as the IMF deal comes closer to signing. (Syed Irfan Raza, “ PM banking on ADB support to stabilise the economy,” Dawn, 1 March 2023)
 
Moody’s lowers Pakistan sovereign credit to Caa3 
On 28 February, Moody’s reduces Pakistan’s sovereign credit from Caa1 to Caa3 a difference of two notches. Pakistan’s increasingly fragile liquidity and extremely low foreign reserves need to cover imports and debts moved the country’s economic outlook from “stable” to “negative”. It has also further lowered local and foreign currency ceilings from B2 to Caa1 and Caa3 to Caa1. The agency sees the country’s financing option in 2023 as highly uncertain as the IMF programme is under discussion it doesn’t know how long the negotiation would go. (Andaleeb Rizvi, “ Moody’s cuts Pakistan’s rating by two notches to Caa3,” The News International, 1 March 2023)
 
POLITICS 
Punjab and Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa: Election within 90 days period not possible  
On 1 March, reports news international that elections in Punjab and Khyber- Pakhtunkhwa region within 90 days are not possible. According to ECP, a 54-day process is required to conduct elections with the assemblies being dissolved for 42 days already since 14 January (Punjab) and 18 January (KP) it won’t be possible. Unless the Election Act is amended where the statutory requirement is of 54 days. (Ansar Abbasi, “ Isn’t it already too late for Punjab, KP polls within 90 days?,” The News International, 1 March 2023)
 
Imran Khan faces a non-bailable arrest warrant for the Toshkhana case 
On 28 February, the PTI chairman faced a non-bailable arrest warrant against the Toshkhana case by the additional district and sessions judge Zafar Iqbal. As Imran Khan was to arrive at the judicial complex for his trial, his counsel requested the judge to adjourn the hearing for five days while the judge stated that it was of no concern to the court from where Imran Khan was coming. The judge remarked “the case is already before the court — we are ready to hear it every day. If Imran Khan is appearing in other courts, then why not in this court?” (Ahmed Subhan, Khalid Iqbal, “Non-bailable arrest warrant for Imran in Toshakhana case,” The News International, 1 March 2023)
 
SOCIETY
Aurat March: The date shifted to 12 March in Karachi 
On 1 March, reports the express tribune that the ‘Aurat March’ 2023 will be held from 12 March in Karachi. They posted on their social media stating “We continue to stand in complete solidarity with the Aurat Marches in Hyderabad, Lahore, Islamabad and Multan that will be held on March 8, 2023,” The march aims to bring social awareness about the hunger crisis, social security, living wage issues, end of bonded labours, rehabilitation of flood victims and transgender protection act. (“Aurat March 2023 to be held on March 12 in Karachi,” The Express Tribune, 1 March 2023)
 
SECURITY 
TTP to push KP government and establish Sharia claims US report on terrorism 
On 1 March, reports Dawn that Tehreek-e-Taliban (TTP) plans to push the government out of Khyber- Pakhtunkhwa and establish Sharia according to 2021 country reports on terrorism by the US state department. The report claimed that TTP got their ideological guidance from Al Qaeda (AQ) as they rely on TTP for haven giving them access to AQ's extensive terror networks and expertise. The report also condemns Pakistan’s commitment to combat the development of weapons of mass destruction and while it did take measures in 2021 to combat terrorism it wasn’t enough. (Anwar Iqbal, “TTP wants to push govt out of KP to establish Sharia,” Dawn, 1 March 2023)
 
JUDICIARY 
Justice Qazi Fae Isa protests the shuffling of benches
On 28 February, Justice Qazi Fae Isa refused to hear cases in protest of the registrar shuffling benches without informing the judges and stakeholders concerned in the loop. He expressed his concern over the lack of transparency in the case assigning procedure stating that the registrar has more power than the judge. While registrar refuted the claims saying the shuffling was made on verbal request by the Chief Justice of Pakistan Umar Bandial. Justice Qzai said “There should be legal reasons to change a bench,” he said, adding that the dignity of the judiciary would be affected if there was no transparency…The cases that were filed first should get precedence and be heard first,”.( Abdul Qayyum Siddiqui, “Justice Isa refuses to hear cases after SC registrar suddenly reshuffles benches,” The News International, 1 March 2023)
 
CJP Suo Motu's powers should be revisited
On 1 March, reports Dawn on the Suo motu power the Chief Justice of Pakistan needs to revisit these by framing proper rules on moral grounds. The recent development of Justice Qazi’s refusal to hear cases amid an uninformed reshuffling of the bench under the guidance of CJP has witness a rise in criticism of such power delegated and a proposal has to be made to include judges. While several argued the vitality of such power in need of emergency cases like Punjab and KP where fundamental rights are violated and it's upon the judge to uphold them with extra measure. (Naeem Sahoutara, “Discretion or procedure?” Dawn, 1 March 2023)
 
Lack of Consensus and divisions halting democratic practices 
On 1 March, reports news international on the question of politics. Stating that Pakistan lacks consensus, stating its inability to decide a date for elections in the Punjab and KP provinces. This could ideally be avoided if politics remained in the political sphere as both provinces after dissolving pushed responsibilities to each other and the ECP all the while being targeted by PTI for the delay. The internal division and lack of consensus is the issue facing the nation as political parties refuse to sit together and discuss issues, where the judiciary has its own internal divisions. As these divisions open fissures that are not good for politics or democracy, it times that differences are kept aside and tackled issues within their respective domains. (“Questions of politics,” The News International, 1 March 2023)
 
OCCUPIED J&K
Gilgit and Ghanche district protests facing electricity and wheat shortage 
On 28 February, Gigit and Ghanche districts have been seeing protests over the shortage of electricity and wheat. The protestors including several women gathered at Shahrah-i-Quaid-i-Azam, against the power outages that last up to 22 hours. Another crisis the district is facing is the shortage of wheat as the protestors blame the government’s inability to provide for the necessities. They slammed the GB food department for incompetence and carelessness as they failed to provide the allotted quota. (Jamil Nagri, “Gilgit residents protest wheat, electricity shortage,” Dawn, 1 March 2023)

“We welcome the judgment of the Supreme Court. Protection of the Constitution was the duty of the SC and the honorable judges have discharged this duty very bravely by their judgment today. This is a seal of approval on the rule of law in Pakistan. We are suspending our jail-full movement and campaigning in KP and Punjab are growing” -Imran Khan   “The decision of the seven-member bench of the Supreme Court is that it is illegal to use the law of terrorism against political opponents, but after the establishment of this fascist government, there is no respect for any law and rule. has been declared a terrorist” -Ch Fawad Hussain   “We need such unique projects in every sector to meet the challenges of a rapidly growing country's population. These mobile schools are capable of imparting education like any standard school at a low cost and the number will soon be increased from 8 buses to 16 buses.” -Shehbaz Sharif

“When our Constitution gives so much power to party leaders, what power can legislators have?” -An opinion on Dawn, ‘Monarchies, dynasties, institutions’